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Current affairs 2025 Current Affairs 28 September 2025 brings together the most relevant updates of the day along with their historical context, significance for the Prelims examination, and practice MCQs based on major issues. Our aim is to provide you with the key highlights and latest developments from 28 September 2025, compiled from trusted sources. The coverage includes unique insights from leading newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, Times of India, Indian Express, Business Standard, as well as official releases from PIB, PTI, and government portals. This comprehensive update is designed to support aspirants preparing for UPSC, State PSC, SSC, Banking, and other competitive exams. Indian Ports Act, 2025 Passed: Transforming India’s Maritime Future The Indian Parliament has passed the Indian Ports Act, 2025, replacing the outdated Indian Ports Act of 1908. The new legislation introduces modern regulations, global green norms, and disaster readiness measures for ports. It establishes the Maritime State Development Council (MSDC) to coordinate between Centre and States and digitizes port procedures to boost Ease of Doing Business (EODB). With India’s 7,500 km coastline, the Act promotes cooperative federalism, industrial growth, and port-led development. This reform underscores India’s ambition to emerge as a global maritime leader. Current Affairs Quiz Q. Assertion (A): The Indian Ports Act, 2025 establishes the Maritime State Development Council.Reason (R): It aims to coordinate between Centre and coastal States.a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.c) A is true, R is false.d) Both A and R are false.\ Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. The NAVYA (Nurturing Aspirations through Vocational Training for Young Adolescent Girls) initiative The Government of India launched the NAVYA (Nurturing Aspirations through Vocational Training for Young Adolescent Girls) initiative on June 24, 2025, as a joint effort of the Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) and the Ministry of Women and Child Development (MWCD). It aims to provide skill training to girls aged 16–18 years, especially in underserved and tribal areas, with a target of 3,850 beneficiaries under PMKVY 4.0 across 27 districts in 19 states. NAVYA integrates flagship schemes like PMKVY and PM Vishwakarma, offering training in both traditional and emerging job roles such as digital marketing, AI services, cybersecurity, graphic design, drone assembly, solar PV installation, and crafts. The program ensures holistic development through modules on health, nutrition, hygiene, financial literacy, and life skills, thereby fostering employability, self-reliance, and socio-economic independence. It aligns with the vision of Viksit Bharat@2047. Current Affairs Quiz Q. Which ministries jointly launched NAVYA? a) Ministry of Women and Child Development & Ministry of Educationb) Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship & Ministry of Women and Child Developmentc) Ministry of Labour & Employment & MWCDd) MSDE & Ministry of Social Justice Answer: b)Explanation: NAVYA is a joint initiative of MSDE and MWCD. Oju Hydel Project Gets Environmental Clearance The Union Environment Ministry’s expert panel has approved environmental clearance for the 2,220 MW Oju hydroelectric project on the Subansiri River in Taksing, Arunachal Pradesh, near the China border. Developed by Oju Subansiri Hydro Power Corporation Pvt. Ltd., the project will feature a 100-metre-high concrete gravity dam, a 14.12 km headrace tunnel, and an underground powerhouse. With an estimated cost of over Rs 24,942 crore, it is expected to generate 8,402 million units annually. This will be the largest dam in the Subansiri series, crucial for energy supply and Assam’s development. Current Affairs Quiz Q. The Oju Hydel Project is proposed on which river?a) Teestab) Subansiric) Lohitd) Manas Answer: b) SubansiriExplanation: The project is located on the Subansiri River, a tributary of the Brahmaputra. Two New Ramsar Sites Declared in Bihar Bihar’s wetlands, Gokul Jalashaya in Buxar and Udaipur Jheel in West Champaran, have been designated as new Ramsar sites. Gokul Jalashaya, an oxbow lake on the Ganga’s southern edge, supports over 50 bird species and aids local livelihoods. It also acts as a buffer against floods. Udaipur Jheel, also an oxbow lake near the Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary, hosts over 280 plant species and serves as a wintering ground for migratory birds, including the vulnerable common pochard. However, it faces threats from illegal fishing and intensive agriculture. Current Affairs Quiz Q. Assertion (A): Udaipur Jheel is an oxbow lake.Reason (R): It is bordered by the Udaipur Wildlife Sanctuary. a) A and R both true, and R is the correct explanation.b) A and R both true, but R is not the correct explanation.c) A true, R false.d) A false, R true. Answer: b)Explanation: Udaipur Jheel is an oxbow lake, but its being bordered by the sanctuary is not the reason for its oxbow nature.

Current affairs 2025 Current Affairs 27 September 2025 brings together the most relevant updates of the day along with their historical context, significance for the Prelims examination, and practice MCQs based on major issues. Our aim is to provide you with the key highlights and latest developments from 27 September 2025, compiled from trusted sources. The coverage includes unique insights from leading newspapers such as The Hindu, The Economic Times, Times of India, Indian Express, Business Standard, as well as official releases from PIB, PTI, and government portals. This comprehensive update is designed to support aspirants preparing for UPSC, State PSC, SSC, Banking, and other competitive exams. IAF retires MiG-21 fighter jets after six decades The Indian Air Force (IAF) has formally retired its MiG-21 fighter jets, marking the end of a six-decade legacy. The move reduces IAF’s operational fighter squadrons to 30, far below the sanctioned strength of 42–45. This shortfall comes amid China’s growing superiority and Pakistan’s significant air strength. To offset the gap, India is relying on air defence systems such as the Russian S-400 and indigenous Akash missiles. Indigenous projects like Tejas Mk1A and the Advanced Medium Combat Aircraft (AMCA) are planned, along with procurement of 114 foreign fighters. However, persistent delays in induction and uncertainties around technology transfer remain key challenges. Quiz Q. Assertion (A): India plans to acquire 114 foreign fighter jets under global procurement.Reason (R): The majority of these will be manufactured in India under partnership to strengthen the defence ecosystem. a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation.b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation.c) A true, R falsed) Both false Answer: a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation. India–EU Strategic Agenda 2025: Strengthening Partnership in Trade, Technology, Connectivity and Security The India–EU Strategic Agenda has been unveiled as a long-term roadmap to strengthen ties between India and the European Union. The framework is built on five pillars: prosperity and sustainability, technology and innovation, security and defence, connectivity and global issues, and people-to-people cooperation. Trade between the two partners has grown rapidly, with bilateral goods trade surpassing €160 billion, while EU investment in India reached €90 billion. Both sides are deepening collaboration in emerging technologies, connectivity corridors, green energy, and clean transport. Security and defence cooperation is expanding, including plans for a Defence Industry Forum, cybersecurity frameworks, and joint maritime exercises. This agenda positions the EU as India’s reliable partner in global alignment and a counterbalance to China. Quiz Q. Match the following pillars of the India–EU Strategic Agenda: a) Digital infrastructure, AI, researchb) Trade, resilient supply chains, sustainable developmentc) Countering hybrid threats, regional stabilityd) Skills mobility, cultural collaborations Options: A. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-dB. 1-a, 2-d, 3-b, 4-cC. 1-c, 2-b, 3-d, 4-aD. 1-d, 2-c, 3-a, 4-b Answer: A. 1-b, 2-a, 3-c, 4-d Jharkhand Names Archery Team ‘Chero Archers’ in APL The Jharkhand archery team has been officially named “Chero Archers” for the Archery Premier League (APL), honouring the historical Chero warrior clan. The Cheros were known for their defiance against Mughal and British expansion and their deep mastery of archery. This initiative revives tribal heritage while promoting Jharkhand’s modern sporting identity. The move also connects local youth to their roots, strengthens cultural pride, and promotes sports tourism in the state. It symbolises the blending of history, culture, and professional archery on a national platform. Quiz Q. Which modern Indian state is most closely linked to the Chero clan’s legacy of archery and resistance?a) Jharkhandb) Rajasthanc) Gujaratd) KeralaAnswer: a)